Macam-Macam Majas ( gaya bahasa )

MACAM-MACAM MAJAS

1) Majas Metafora adalah Gabungan dua hal yang berbeda yang dapat membentuk suatu pengertian baru.

Contoh : Raja siang, kambing hitam

2) Majas Alegori adalah Majas perbandingan yang memperlihatkan suatu perbandingan yang utuh.

Contoh : Suami sebagai nahkoda, Istri sebagai juru mudi

3) Majas Personifikasi adalah Majas yang melukiskan suatu benda dengan memberikan sifat – sifat manusia kepada benda, sehingga benda mati seolah-olah hidup.

Contoh : Awan menari – nari di angkasa, baru saja berjalan 8 km mobilnya sudah batuk – batuk

4) Majas Perumpamaan ( Majas Asosiasi ) adalah Suatu perbandingan dua hal yang berbeda, namun dinyatakan sama.

Contoh : Bagaikan harimau pulang kelaparan, seperti menyulam di kain yang lapuk

5) Majas Antilesis adalah Gaya bahasa yang membandingkan dua hal yang berlawanan.

Contoh : Air susu dibalas air tuba

6) Majas Hiperbola adalah Suatu gaya bahasa yang bersifat melebih – lebihkan. Contoh : Ibu terkejut setengah mati, ketika mendengar anaknya kecelakaan

7) Majas Ironi adalah Gaya bahasa yang bersifat menyindir dengan halus. Contoh : Bagus sekali tulisanmu, sampai – sampai tidak bisa dibaca

8 ) Majas Litotes adalah Majas yang digunakan untuk mengecilkan kenyataan dengan tujuan untuk merendahkan hati.

Contoh : Mampirlah ke gubuk saya ( Padahal rumahnya besar dan mewah )

9) Majas Sinisme adalah Majas yang menyatakan sindiran secara langsung. Contoh : Perilakumu membuatku kesal

10) Majas Oksimoron adalah Majas yang antarbagiannya menyatakan sesuatu yang bertentangan.

Contoh : Cinta membuatnya bahagia, tetapi juga membuatnya menangis

11) Majas Metonimia adalah Majas yang memakai merek suatu barang. Contoh : Kami ke rumah nenek naik kijang

12) Majas Alusio adalah Majas yang mepergunakan peribahasa / kata – kata yang artinya diketahui umum.

Contoh : Upacara ini mengingatkan aku pada proklamasi kemerdekaan tahun 1945

13) Majas Eufemisme adalah Majas yang menggunakan kata – kata / ungkapan halus / sopan.

Contoh : Para tunakarya itu perlu diperhatikan

14) Majas Elipsis adalah Majas yang manghilangkan suatu unsure kalimat. Contoh : Kami ke rumah nenek ( penghilangan predikat pergi )

15) Majas Inversi adalah Majas yang dinyatakan oleh pangubahan suatu kalimat. Contoh : Aku dan dia telah bertemu > Telah bertemu, aku dan dia

16) Majas Pleonasme adalah Majas yang menggunakan kata – kata secara berlebihan dengan maksud untuk menegaskan arti suatu kata.

Contoh : Mari naik ke atas agar dapat meliahat pemandangan

17) Majas Antiklimaks adalah Majas yang menyatakan sesuatu hal berturut – turut yang makin lama makin menurun.

Contoh : Para bupati, para camat, dan para kepala desa

18) Majas Klimaks adalah Majas yang menyatakan beberapa hal berturut – turut yang makin lama makin mendebat.

Contoh : Semua anak – anak, remaja, dewasa, orang tua dan kakek

19) Majas Retoris adalah Majas yang berupa kalimat tanya yang jawabanya sudah diketahui.

Contoh : Siapakah yang tidak ingin hidup ?

20) Majas Aliterasi adalah Majas yang memanfaatkan kata – kata yang bunyi awalnya sama.

 Contoh : Inikah Indahnya Impian ?

21) Majas Antanaklasis adalah Majas yang mengandung ulangan kata yang sama dengan makna yang berbeda.

Contoh : Ibu membawa buah tangan, yaitu buah apel merah

22) Majas Repetisi adalah Majas perulangan kata – kata sebagai penegasan. Contoh : Selamat tinggal pacarku, selamat tinggal kekasihku

23) Majas Paralelisme adalah Majas perulangan sebagaimana halnya repetisi, disusun dalam baris yang berbeda.

 Contoh : Hati ini biru Hati ini lagu Hati ini debu

24) Majas Kiasmus adalah Majas yang berisi perulangan dan sekaligus mengandung inverse.

Contoh : Mereka yang kaya merasa miskin, dan yang miskin merasa kaya

25) Majas Simbolik adalah Majas perbandingan yang melukiskan sesuatu dengan membandingkan dengan benda – benda lain.

Contoh : Dia menjadi lintah darat

26) Majas Antonomasia adalah Majas yang menyebutkan nama lain terhadap seseorang yang berdasarkan cirri / sifat menonjol yang dimilikinya.

 Contoh : Si pincang, Si jangkung, Si kribo

27) Majas Tautologi adalah Majas yang melukiskan sesuatu dengan mempergunakan kata – kata yang sama artinya ( bersinonim ) untuk mempertegas arti.

 Contoh : Saya khawatir dan was – was dengannya

THE SCRIP OF DRAMA ( TIMUN MAS AND THE GIANT )

Act 1
Narrator : Once upon a time, in a place deep inside the forest, there were a green giant named Buto Ijo and a sacred hermit. They were best friends since toddlers. One day, the hermit came to the grotto to see his best friend.
Hermit : Is anyone inside? [Walks inside the grotto]
Buto Ijo : I’m here.
Hermit : There you are my best friend, what are you doing?
Buto Ijo : Eating. Isn’t it obvious?
Hermit : Oh… I see. What are you eating?
Buto Ijo : [No response, just continue eating]
Hermit : You’re so annoying! Can I have some?
Buto Ijo : [Turns his body away, not willing to share his foods with the hermit]
Hermit : [Angry] As usual, you never share me your foods though I always shared mine to you! You stingy giant! I loathe you!
Buto Ijo : As if I care! [Continue eating]
Hermit : Someday your greed will get its return! Don’t regret it! I’m leaving! [Gets out of the grotto with anger]

Act 2
Narrator : One day, there was pleasant couple. They lived in a village near the forest. They lived happily. Unfortunately, they didn’t have any children yet. Everyday they prayed to God for a child.
Mother : Oh God… please give us a child. I promise I will always protect my child. Please answer our prayer. Thank you God.
Narrator : The green giant, Buto Ijo, coincidentally passed by the couple’s house. He heard what they were praying for.
Buto Ijo : Whoa…ha…ha…ha! I heard that!
Mother : [gasps] Oh my God! W-Who are you?
Buto Ijo : I’m Buto Ijo.
Father : [comes toward his wife] What’s with the noise? Who is that, honey?
Mother : Oh my husband, Buto Ijo is in front of our house. I’m scared. He will kill both of us!
Buto Ijo : Whoa…ha…ha…ha… I’m not going to kill you. But I will fulfill your request to have a child.
Father : You are just joking, aren’t you?
Buto Ijo : No…No… I’m serious, yes, I’m really serious. If you don’t believe me it doesn’t matter.
Mother : All right… All right. My husband, let’s see what he can do to help us.
Buto Ijo : [Gives the seeds] Look, here are some cucumber seeds. Plant these seeds, then you’ll get a daughter.
Father : Do you mean it? It’s so easy.
Buto Ijo : Yes, I mean it. But remember, on her seventeenth birthday, I’ll come back to take the girl.
Mother : Oh, husband… please I want a child! Let’s try his offer!
Father : But… Oh well, if you insist, I’ll take his offer.
Mother : [Bows down] Oh, thank you, husband! Thank you a lot, Buto Ijo!
Buto Ijo : Whoa…ha…ha…ha. See you again seventeen years from now, humans. And remember your promise. [Go away]

Act 3
Narrator : The next day, the couple planted the seeds. Months later, a golden cucumber grew in the yard. The cucumber was getting bigger and bigger each day.
Mother : Look! Look! The cucumber grew very big! It’s so fantastic!
Father : Yeah, you right. What a very big one.
Mother : It’s ripe already. Does it work? How can this big thing give us a daughter?
Father : I don’t know. Don’t ask me.
Mother : I think it’s time for us to open it up. I wonder what makes it’s so big. Don’t you think so?
Father : Yes. Let’s cut it into two.
Narrator :Carefully, they cut the cucumber into two. To their surprise, they found a beautiful baby girl inside the cucumber. How joyful they were.
Mother : [gasps] Oh my goodness! There is a baby girl inside this cucumber! Is it for real? Or am I dreaming?
Father : Yes it is. You want me to pinch you to prove it?
Mother : Err… No thanks. [Holds the baby out] This baby is so cute! God, thank you so much! Thank you so much!
Father : What will we name her?
Mother : I think I will name her Timun Mas, husband. Because she came from the cucumber and she is cute. That name really suits her, isn’t it?
Father : I agree with you.

Act 4
Narrator : Years passed by and Timun Mas grew into a lovely girl. Her parents were very proud of her but their hearts hurt so badly when they remembered their promise to Buto Ijo. The couple then remembered that there was a sacred hermit living inside the forest. So they went there for the help.
Mother : [Knocking the door] Excuse us.
Hermit : [Comes toward the door and opens it] May I ask who you both are?
Mother : My name is Sarni. This is my husband. We both are farmers living in the village near the forest.
Hermit : What do you want from me?
Father : We need your help.
Hermit : Okay, please come in. Tell me the whole story.
Narrator : The couple told the hermit about their wish and how Buto Ijo fulfilled it. And also the promise they made with the Giant. The hermit listened to them carefully as him nodded for the umpteenth time, until the couple finished their story.
Hermit : As expected, Buto Ijo did horrible thing as he wished. His greed explained everything. We need to do something.
Mother : Please, good Hermit, help us. Don’t let Buto Ijo take one dearest daughter. She’s been with us for seventeenth years.
Father : My wife is right, good hermit. What shall we do?
Hermit : Please be still and stop crying. Look, here is the bundle. There are four things and messages inside. They will help Timun Mas run away from the giant.
Father : [Takes the bundle] Are you sure they will work?
Hermit : Believe me, it will. Buto Ijo must be punished for his action.
Mother : Thank you very much, good hermit!

Act 5
Narrator : It so happened that one day on Timun Mas’s seventeenth birthday, Buto Ijo came for the couple’s promise.
Buto Ijo : Whoa…ha…ha... Hey, peasant, where is your lovely daughter? I come here to pick her up. Remember the promise you said to me!
Father : Please be patient, Buto Ijo. Timun Mas, my daughter, is playing in the field.
Buto Ijo : What a shit! I know you’re lying! But never mind, I’ll find her by myself! [Turns away to find Timun Mas]
Father : I’m glad he’s gone. Timun Mas, come here, child.
TimunMas : Yes, daddy, I’m coming. Who’s that?
Mother : He is Buto Ijo, the green giant. For some reason, he’s looking for you. I’m sure he’ll come back here soon.
TimunMas : Oh my God, what’ll he do to me?
Father : Listen to me, Timun Mas, all you have to do is run away from him. [Gives the bundle to Timun Mas] Take this bundle with you. It contains chili seeds, salt, cucumber seeds, and shrimp paste.
TimunMas: What should I do with these?
Father : Throw each of them when the giant gets closer to you. These will help you get away from the giant.
TimunMas : What about you, mom and dad?
Mother : Don’t worry about us. Oh my God, the giant is coming! Now, run, Timun Mas! Run as fast as you can! Please be careful!
TimunMas : Thank you, mom and dad! You too please take care of yourselves! [Runs away]

Act 6
Narrator : After that, the giant chased Timun Mas and he was getting closer and closer. Timun Mas then took a handful of salt from the bundle. She spread out the salt and magically a wide sea appeared between them.
TimunMas : Take that you evil giant!
Buto Ijo : [Smirks] Ho…ho…ho. You think you can run away from me! No way in hell! Whoa…ha…ha…ha. C’mon I’ll get you! [Swims through the sea]
TimunMas : Oh my God! How did he do that?? I don’t know he can swim!
Buto Ijo : Wait for me, you little girl!
TimunMas : Oh no! He’s getting closer to me. There’s no other choice! Take this, giant!
Narrator : And then she took the chili seeds and threw them at the giant. Suddenly the seeds grew into some trees and trapped him. The next thing he knew, the trees grew some thorns as sharp as a knife.
Buto Ijo : Ouch…Ouch! How the hell these trees grew into thorns?? It hurts badly!
TimunMas : Take that one too, evil creature!
Buto Ijo : So, you want to play with me huh? You’ll regret it when you lose!
TimunMas : Oh no! He is still chasing me! I must run faster!
Narrator : Once again, the giant almost caught Timun Mas. So, Timun Mas took the cucumber seeds and threw them onto the ground.
Buto Ijo : What now? What’s this? Cucumbers are everywhere! They look delicious! I guess it’s better for me to have appetizers first.
TimunMas : Hosh…Hosh…Oh I’m out of breath. But the giant was eating the cucumbers. This is my chance to run away!
Buto Ijo : [Yawns] Whoaaah…I’m very sleppy. I want to sleep first. After that I’ll find Timun Mas. Wait for me girl, I’ll come and make you my dinner tonight!
Narrator : Timun Mas kept on running as fast as she could. But soon she was very tired herself. And things were getting worse as the giant had woken up.
Buto Ijo : Whoaaah…I’m fresh again! Hey, Timun Mas, you can’t run away from me. I’ll get you! Hohoho…
TimunMas : Oh, God, he has woken up! What shall I do, God? Please help me!
Buto Ijo : So, you want to play hide and seek, don’t you? Where are you? C’mon, c’mon little girl… come to your papa!
TimunMas : God! Please help me!!
Buto Ijo : There you are, little girl! One more step and I’ll catch you!
TimusMas : This is my last hope! [Throws something] Take that, Buto Ijo!
Narrator : Desperately she then threw her last weapon, the shrimp paste. Magically, the paste turned into a big swamp.
Buto Ijo : Oh, no, what’s this? It’s so sticky and smells fishy! Timun Mas…! I swear I will swallow you as soon as I catch you!
Narrator : The giant fell into the swamp but his hands almost reached Timun Mas. Suddenly the swamp pulled him to the bottom and his hands lost her.
TimunMas : Finally I’m free!
Buto Ijo : Oh, no… help! Help me! Someone help me!
TimunMas : No one will help you, giant, because you’re a bad person.
Buto Ijo : Please help me…!! I swear I won’t do something bad again! Promise me!
Hermit : [comes out of the blue] Are you sure about your words?
Buto Ijo : Arggh… Hermit! Finally you come! Please help me!
TimunMas : [shocks] Who are you?
Hermit : [Turns his face to Timun Mas] Ah, am I scared you? Let me introduce myself. I am a hermit. So just call me hermit. You don’t need to know my real name. And this giant is my best friend.
Buto Ijo : Yes, I am his best friend! Please get me out of here!
Hermit : [Turns back to Buto Ijo] I will help you out if you promise you won’t do bad things again and stop being a greedy person.
Buto Ijo : Yes, I promise! I promise I will be a good person! You can count on me!
Narrator : Finally, the good hermit helped Buto Ijo, his best friend. As soon as the giant got out of the swamp, it was disappear. Then the giant apologized to Timun Mas as well as to the hermit. Fortunately they both forgave him. From then on, Buto Ijo lived as a good giant and always helped the peasants with their fields. As for Timun Mas, she lived happily with her parents with no fear anymore.

fakto indoneisa vs belanda

SMP NEGERI 1 KALISAT

TAHUN PELAJARAN 2012-2013

IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR^XX PENYEBAB

TERJADINYA KONFLIK INDONESIA VS BELANDA

NO	NAMA PERISTIWA	WAKTU	TEMPAT	TOKOH DAERAH	TOKOH ASING	SEBABXX	AKHIR PERLAWANAN
1	PERLAWANAN RAKYAT IRIAN	14 MARET 1945	IRIAN	MARTIN INDEY, SILLAS PAPARE, LA ROEMKORNEM, JOSEPH	BELANDA	MENGADAKAN RAPAT UMUM UNTUK MELAWAN BELANDA	3 ORANG PEMIMPIN DI TANGKAP DAN DIADILI DI BELANDA. 2 ORANG DI HUKUM MATI DAN 1 ORANG DI HUKUM SEUMUR HIDUP DI CIPINANG JAKARTA
2	PERLAWANAN BENDERA DI HOTEL YAMATO	19 SEPTEMBER 1945	HOTEL YAMATO, SURABAYA	AREK SURABAYA	BELANDA	KARENA MERASA DI JAJAH KEMBALI OLEH BELANDA AREK SURABAYA MELAKUKAN PERLAWANAN	AREK SURABAYA MEROBEK WARNA BIRU BENDERA BELANDA DAN MENGIBARKAN KEMBALI SEBAGAI MERAH PUTIH
3	PERTEMPURAN 10 NOPEMBER	10 NOPEMBER 1945	JEMBATAN MERAH SURABAYA	BUNG TOMO & AREK SURABAYA	BRIGJEN A.W.S MALLABY	TERBUNUHNYA BRIGJEN A.W.S. MALLABY	AREK SURABAYA DAPAT MEMUKUL MUNDUR PARA PASUKAN NICA
4	PERTEMPURAN MEDAN AREA	13-18 OKTOBER 1945	MEDAN	PEMUDA MEDAN	NICA	PASUKAN NICA MENGINJAK-INJAK LENCANA MERAH PUTIH PEMUDA INDONESIA	PADA 1 SEBTEMBER 1945 SEKTUKU MEMASANG PAPANPAPAN YANG BERTULISKAN FIXED BOUNDARIES MEDAN AREA DI BERBAGAI SUDUT KOTA DAN MELAKUKAN PEMBERSIHAN UNSUR REPUBLIK YANG ADA DI KOTA MEDAN
5	PERTEMPURAN AMBARAWA	21 NOPEMBER 1945	AMBARAWA	MAYOR SUMARTO	INGGRIS	INSIDEN YANG TERJADI DI MAGELANG	GUGURNYA LETKOL ISDIMAN DAN DI GANTIKAN DENGAN SOEDIRMAN, PASUKAN RI BERHASIL MENGEPUNG KOTA AMBARAWA 4 HARI 4 MALAM. SADAR AKAN POSISI YANG TERJEPIT PASUKAN SEKUTU MUNDUR.
6	PERTEMPURAN DI BOGOR
7	PERTEMPURAN DI CIBADAK
8	BANDUNG LAUTAN API	23-24 MARET 1946	KOTA BANDUNG	PASUKAN TKR	SEKUTU	ULTIMATUM 21 NOVEMBER 1945 UNTUK MENGOSONGKAN KOTA BANDUNG	PARA PEMUDA MEMBUMIHANGUSKAN KOTA BANDUNG AGAR SEKUTU TIDAK DAPAT MENDUDUKI DAN MEMANFAATKAN SARANA-SARANA YANG VITAL..
9	PUPUTAN MARGARANA	29 NOPEMBER 1946	BALI	LETKOL I GUSTI NGURAH RAI	PASUKAN NICA	BERUSAHA MENGAGAGLKAN PEMBENTUKAN NIT DENGAN MENGADAKAN SERANGAN KE TANGSI NICA DI TABANAN	LETKOL I GUSI NGURAH RAI GUGUR BESERTA SELURUH ANGGOTA PASUKAN
10	SERANGAN UMUM 1 MARET 1949	1 MARET 1949	JOGJAKARTA	LETKOL SOEHARTO	PASUKAN SEKUTU	DILANCARKANNYA SENGAN DARI SEGALA PENJURU	PASUKAN SEKUTU DAPAT DI PUKUL MUNDUR.